The Important Role of Mental Health in Glaucoma

Glaucoma — a group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve — can lead to vision loss if left untreated. The condition can also significantly impact a person’s mental health. In addition, recent studies indicate that some aspects of mental health may, in turn, have a negative effect on glaucoma.

The presence of, or the possibility of, vision impairment from glaucoma can lead to feelings of uncertainty, vulnerability, and a diminished sense of independence. It is important to recognize that such feelings are ‘normal’ and to discuss them with your doctor. 

Multiple studies have highlighted the connection between glaucoma and increased risks of depression and anxiety. The reasons for the association are multifold. Vision impairment can lead to reduced independence, difficulty performing daily tasks, and a lowered quality of life — all of which can affect a person’s mental well-being.

Vision impairment and the fear of progressive worsening can lead glaucoma patients to withdraw from social interactions, leading to feelings of isolation. In addition, individuals may have an increased fear of accidents, further contributing to social withdrawal.

Emerging evidence suggests a link between glaucoma and cognitive decline. The mechanism behind this association is unclear and it is important to note that aging is a well-established shared risk factor for both conditions. Further study is required to explore the relationship between the two.

Recent studies have demonstrated that short-term stress causes elevation in the eye pressure of subjects with and without glaucoma. 

In contrast, meditation and yoga have been shown to significantly lower eye pressure, and potentially help protect the optic nerve from additional damage. 

The mechanisms by which stress can induce higher eye pressures include excessive release of our body’s own steroids and epinephrine.

Recognizing the mental health challenges associated with glaucoma is the first step toward managing them. There are several resources available including counseling/therapy, support groups, comprehensive care including stress management, and regular eye check-ups.

Talk therapy and counseling can be beneficial for glaucoma patients. Discussing their fears, challenges, and feelings can help patients manage their emotions better.

Support groups provide a platform for glaucoma patients to share experiences and coping techniques. Knowing you’re not alone in your journey can be immensely reassuring.

Combining eye care with mental health resources including stress management strategies such as meditation and breathing techniques ensures that a patient’s overall well-being is prioritized.

Regular eye examinations and treatment adherence can help slow glaucoma’s progression, indirectly reducing the associated psychological distress. With early diagnosis, treatment, and careful monitoring, glaucoma can be successfully treated, preventing it from causing permanent and significant vision impairment.

Article by Shan Lin, MD and Sunita Radhakrishnan, MD. Last updated on October 20, 2025.