The Important Role of Mental Health in Glaucoma

Glaucoma — a group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve — can lead to vision loss if left untreated. The condition may also significantly impact a person’s mental health. In addition, recent studies indicate that some aspects of mental health may, in turn, have a negative effect on glaucoma.

The presence of, or the possibility of, vision impairment from glaucoma can lead to feelings of uncertainty, vulnerability, and a diminished sense of independence. It is important to recognize that such feelings are common and to discuss them with your doctor.

Most people who are treated for glaucoma maintain useful vision. It is important to continue regular monitoring with your eye doctor so that changes to treatment may be made, as needed, in order to preserve your vision.

Multiple studies have highlighted the connection between glaucoma and increased risks of depression and anxiety. The reasons for the association are multifold. Vision impairment can lead to reduced independence and difficulty performing daily tasks. These challenges can affect a person’s mental well-being.

Vision impairment and the fear of progressive worsening can lead people who have glaucoma to withdraw from social interactions, leading to feelings of isolation. In addition, individuals may have an increased fear of accidents, further contributing to limitations in their activities.

Recent studies have demonstrated that short-term stress causes short-term elevation in the eye pressure of people with and without glaucoma. 

In contrast, meditation and yoga have been shown to significantly lower eye pressure, and potentially help protect the optic nerve from additional damage. 

The mechanisms by which stress can induce higher eye pressures include excessive release of our body’s own steroids and epinephrine.

Recognizing the mental health challenges associated with glaucoma is the first step toward managing them. Helpful strategies include counseling/therapy, support groups, comprehensive care including stress management, and regular eye check-ups.

Talk therapy and counseling can be beneficial for glaucoma patients. Discussing their fears, challenges, and feelings can help patients manage their emotions better.

Support groups provide a platform for patients with glaucoma to share experiences and coping techniques. Knowing that you’re not alone in your journey can be immensely reassuring.

Combining eye care with general health care resources including stress management strategies such as meditation and breathing techniques ensures that a patient’s overall well-being is prioritized. In addition, addressing systemic health issues is helpful in maintaining both eye health and mental health.

Regular eye examinations and treatment adherence can help slow glaucoma’s progression, indirectly reducing the associated psychological distress. With early diagnosis, treatment, and careful monitoring, glaucoma can be successfully treated, preventing it from causing permanent and significant vision impairment.

Article by Shan Lin, MD and Sunita Radhakrishnan, MD. Last updated on November 14, 2025.